Generative AI · Education leadership

Actionable companion · Instructional improvement

From evidence to district action: Advantages and Limitations of ChatGPT in Healthcare: A Scoping Review

AI-assisted editorial implementation guide. The district actions are proposed applications, not findings or recommendations attributed to the original authors. No additional peer review is asserted.

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Evidence and context

Health-professions education context: test transfer to K–12 rather than assuming it.

Original authors’ abstract, reproduced under the linked source license:

ABSTRACT Background and Aims ChatGPT, an AI language model developed by OpenAI, has emerged as a transformative tool in the healthcare sector. Its ability to process vast amounts of medical data and generate human‐like responses offers significant potential for enhancing patient engagement and supporting healthcare professionals. However, despite its advantages, there are significant limitations. This scoping review aims to critically evaluate both the advantages and limitations associated with integrating ChatGPT into healthcare. Methods In this scoping review, we searched for the original articles published in online databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar) from January 1, 2020, to May 30, 2023 using relevant keywords (“ChatGPT,” “Health,” “Advantage,” and “Limitation”) in English language. Data collection was done using a researcher's checklist using Excel version 2019 software. Results Out of 4982 articles found, 28 articles were included in the study. All articles were conducted in 2023. The type of study in more than half of the articles was cross‐sectional. Advantages and limitations extracted from the studies were grouped into eight and nine categories, respectively. The most common advantages were “Clinical Decision Support (CDS)” and “improved medical education,” which included enhanced teaching methods and curriculum development. Specific benefits in medical education were comprehensive drug counseling, understanding of radiation oncology, and predicting drug‐drug interactions. Research assistance benefits were also notable, such as facilitating data analysis, selecting strong research ideas, and aiding in academic writing. The most frequent limitations were “knowledge limitations and accuracy” and “reliability.” Conclusion This scoping review has provided a comprehensive analysis of the advantages and limitations of ChatGPT in the healthcare sector. While the model shows significant promise in enhancing CDS and improving medical education, it is essential to remain vigilant about its limitations, particularly concerning knowledge accuracy and reliability. Keywords: advantages, ChatGPT, health, limitations, scoping review

A 90-day district pilot

  1. Days 1–15 · Appraise. Have the curriculum lead and a teacher read the methods and limitations. Record the study design, sample, comparator, outcomes and evidence gaps. Define a local question that the study can help inform.
  2. Days 16–30 · Design. Choose one instructional unit and a specific teacher-supervised AI use. Compare it with the existing approach using a common learning objective, equivalent tasks and a shared rubric. Name an accountable owner and set the baseline, success threshold and budget before implementation.
  3. Days 31–60 · Test. Start with a small voluntary cohort, preserve an accessible non-AI route and require teacher review. Use synthetic or de-identified examples; approve data handling and tool terms through district processes.
  4. Days 61–90 · Decide. Measure unaided learning on a new task, factual errors, student workload and teacher review time. Disaggregate results where group sizes permit responsible interpretation. Compare with baseline, document uncertainty and stop or revise if learning worsens, access is unequal or critical errors persist.

The board decision brief

Report the learning problem, evidence quality, participating population, total cost including review time, measured benefit, errors, access differences and remaining uncertainties. Make a dated recommendation to stop, revise or expand. A positive perception survey alone does not establish learning improvement.

Attribution and reuse

Seyyede Fateme Ghasemi; Parastoo Amiri; Zahra Galavi. Advantages and Limitations of ChatGPT in Healthcare: A Scoping Review. Health Science Reports (2025-09-11). https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71219

Companion prepared 2026-10-30. Original authorship and DOI are preserved. The abstract is an attributed source extract; the implementation plan is new AI-assisted editorial material, offered under the same CC BY 4.0 license. This guide has not undergone independent peer review.