Parenting Journal · Volume 2 · Issue 3 · Licensed source edition
How parenting shapes the relationship between autistic traits and self-esteem in youth: a comparative study of autism spectrum disorder
Originally published 2026-02-26 · Frontiers in Psychiatry
Frontiers Media SA · DOI 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1747061 ↗
Editorial reading guide · Respect
What does encouragement sound like to this child, rather than to children in general?
The analysis considers parenting style and self-esteem alongside autistic traits, rather than assuming a single experience for every young person.
Who was studied?
Seventy-six participants in groups with and without an autism diagnosis.
Age / stage: Children and adolescents
Read with three questions
- How comparable were the groups when interpreting differences in self-esteem?
- Which parts of the interaction were directly observed and which were inferred or reported?
- What does encouragement sound like to this child, rather than to children in general?
Keep the limits in view
The study measures behaviors or experiences in a particular sample and setting. It cannot establish the effect of changing a response in an individual family.
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Original authorship, publication date, journal and DOI are preserved. This issue’s TRICK placement and reading questions are editorial additions, not claims made by the original authors.
Kazuhiko Yamamuro; Natsuko Kashida; Rio Ishida; Michihiro Toritsuka; Tsutomu Takeda; Manabu Makinodan (2026). How parenting shapes the relationship between autistic traits and self-esteem in youth: a comparative study of autism spectrum disorder Frontiers in Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1747061
Permissions checked against the saved article notice; repository publication notices screened 2026-11-04. This is not a new peer-review decision. The source authors and publishers are not represented as endorsing this issue.