Parenting Journal · Volume 2 · Issue 1 · Licensed source edition
Children’s Independent Mobility to School in Seven European Countries: A Multinomial Logit Model
Originally published 2020-12-07 · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) · DOI 10.3390/ijerph17239149 ↗
Editorial reading guide · Independence
What makes travelling to school alone feasible in one place and difficult in another?
This article examines how independent school travel differs across seven European countries. Here independence concerns permission to take an actual journey or play without direct supervision, within the conditions of a particular place.
Who was studied?
A sample of 1,304 schoolchildren from seven European countries.
Age / stage: Ages 9–12
Read with three questions
- What does the article establish about how independent school travel differs across seven European countries?
- Whose perspective was recorded, and what might an independent observer have described differently?
- How closely does the population described here match the family or setting you have in mind? The population to compare is a sample of 1,304 schoolchildren from seven European countries.
Keep the limits in view
The measures reflect what respondents reported. Associations alone cannot distinguish the direction of influence or exclude other explanations.
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Follow the original.
Original authorship, publication date, journal and DOI are preserved. This issue’s TRICK placement and reading questions are editorial additions, not claims made by the original authors.
Houshmand Masoumi; Martin van Rooijen; Grzegorz Sierpiński (2020). Children’s Independent Mobility to School in Seven European Countries: A Multinomial Logit Model International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17239149
Permissions checked against the saved article notice; repository publication notices screened 2026-11-04. This is not a new peer-review decision. The source authors and publishers are not represented as endorsing this issue.