Are chief executive officers more likely to be first-borns?

Cláudia Custódio; Stephan Siegel

PLOS ONE · 2020-06-30
Research article · observational CEO surveys and external validation · Version of record · publisher XML retrieved 2026-10-23 · CC BY 4.0 · 7,044 words

Original source: Volume 15 · Issue 6 · e0234987

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Title: Are chief executive officers more likely to be first-borns?
Human authorship: Cláudia Custódio; Stephan Siegel
Source: Complete manuscript edition 2026-10-23
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Original authors / creators: Cláudia Custódio; Stephan Siegel
Original publication: PLOS ONE · Public Library of Science · 2020-06-30
Source & version: Authoritative source ↗ · Version of record · publisher XML retrieved 2026-10-23
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0234987
License & retained notices: CC BY 4.0
© 2020 Custódio, Siegel
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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Article-specific publisher JATS license href: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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Evidence limits: Observational, correlational selection among existing CEOs; main sample 141, eight percent response rate, small family-firm and female subgroups; no causal birth-order effect or validated governance intervention; external comparisons differ in birth-order definitions. No detected performance association does not establish equivalence.
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